国問研戦略コメント

国問研戦略コメント(2022-07)
対露輸出管理等の国際連携

2022-04-27
髙山嘉顕(日本国際問題研究所研究員)
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1 The White House, Fact Sheet: Joined by Allies and Partners, the United States Imposes Devastating Costs on Russia (The White House's Website, Feb. 24, 2022) https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/02/24/fact-sheet-joined-by-allies-and-partners-the-united-states-imposes-devastating-costs-on-russia/
2 Ibid.
3 US Department of Commerce, Commerce Implements Sweeping Restrictions on Exports to Russia in Response to Further Invasion of Ukraine (Feb. 24, 2022). https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2022/02/commerce-implements-sweeping-restrictions-exports-russia-response
4 Bureau of Industry and Security, Department of Commerce, "Implementation of Sanctions Against Russia Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR)", Federal Register, Mol. 87, No. 42 (Mar. 3, 2022), pp. 12226-12251; and idem, Commerce Implements Sweeping Restrictions on Exports to Russia in Response to Further Invasion of Ukraine (Feb. 24, 2022). https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/documents/about-bis/newsroom/press-releases/2914-2022-02-24-bis-russia-rule-press-release-and-tweets-final/file
5 Bureau of Industry and Security, Department of Commerce, "Further Imposition of Sanctions against Russia with the Addition of Certain Entities to the Entity List", Federal Register, Vol. 87, No. 46 (Mar. 9, 2022), pp. 13141-13153; idem, "Addition of Entities to the Entity List," Federal Register, Vol. 87, No. 67 (Apr. 7, 2022), pp.20295-20312; and idem, "Expansion of Sanctions Against Russia and Belarus Under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR)," Federal Register, Vol. 87, No. 72 (Apr. 14, 2022), pp.22130-22132.
6 「ウクライナ情勢等についての会見」首相官邸ウェブサイト(2022年2月24日)https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/101_kishida/actions/202202/24bura.html
7 Remarks of Denis Redonnet at the webinar, Sanctions, Russia's War, and the Future of Trade (Peterson Institute for International Economics: April 20,2022) https://www.piie.com/events/sanctions-russias-war-and-future-trade.
8 US Department of Commerce, Commerce Implements Sweeping Restrictions on Exports to Russia in Response to Further Invasion of Ukraine (Feb. 24, 2022). https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2022/02/commerce-implements-sweeping-restrictions-exports-russia-response
9 相坂穣「韓国、制裁に参加表明」『東京新聞』(2022年2月25日)。
10 "S. Korea to Ban Exports of Strategic Materials to Russia," Yonhap English News (Feb. 28, 2022).
11 Bureau of Industry and Security, US Department of Commerce, Commerce Announces Addition of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland to Global Export Controls Coalition (Apr. 8, 2022). https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/documents/about-bis/newsroom/press-releases/2953-2022-04-08-bis-press-release-four-nations-added-to-exclusion-list/file
12 US Department of Commerce, Commerce Announces Addition of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland to Global Export Controls Coalition (Apr. 8, 2022). https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2022/04/commerce-announces-addition-iceland-liechtenstein-norway-and
13 Keynote Remarks of Assistant Secretary Thea D. Rozman Kendler, American Conference Institute's 12th Annual Advanced Forum on Global Encryption, Cloud, and Cyber Export Controls (Mar. 30, 2022).
14 Oran R. Young, Governance in World Affairs (Ithaca and London: Cornell Univ. Press, 1999), Ch. 5.
15 US Department of Commerce, Commerce Implements Sweeping Restrictions on Exports to Russia in Response to Further Invasion of Ukraine (Feb. 24, 2022). https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2022/02/commerce-implements-sweeping-restrictions-exports-russia-response
16 Yuka Hayashi, "Russia's War Machine Hurt by U.S. Export Ban, Commerce Secretary Says," The Wall Street Journal (Apr. 22, 2022).
17 Keynote Remarks of Assistant Secretary Thea D. Rozman Kendler, American Conference Institute's 12th Annual Advanced Forum on Global Encryption, Cloud, and Cyber Export Controls (Mar. 30, 2022).
18 Keynote Remarks of Assistant Secretary Thea D. Rozman Kendler, American Conference Institute's 12th Annual Advanced Forum on Global Encryption, Cloud, and Cyber Export Controls (Mar. 30, 2022).
19 US Department of State, Telephonic Press Briefing with Matthew Borman, U.S. Commerce Department Deputy Assistant Secretary for Export Administration (Mar. 29, 2022). https://www.state.gov/telephonic-press-briefing-with-matthew-borman-u-s-commerce-department-deputy-assistant-secretary-for-export-administration/
20 Remarks of Denis Redonnet at the webinar, Sanctions, Russia's War, and the Future of Trade (Peterson Institute for International Economics: April 20,2022) https://www.piie.com/events/sanctions-russias-war-and-future-trade.
21 US Department of State, Telephonic Press Briefing with Matthew Borman, U.S. Commerce Department Deputy Assistant Secretary for Export Administration (Mar. 29, 2022). https://www.state.gov/telephonic-press-briefing-with-matthew-borman-u-s-commerce-department-deputy-assistant-secretary-for-export-administration/
22 Intel, Intel Statement on the War in Ukraine: Company Suspends All Shipments to Customers in Russia and Belarus, Intel's Website (Mar. 3, 2022) https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/newsroom/news/intel-statement-war-ukraine.html ; and idem, Intel Suspends Operations in Russia: Company Condemns the War in Ukraine and Calls for a Return to Peace, Intel's Website (Apr.5, 2022) https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/newsroom/news/russia-business-statement.html?wapkw=russia
23 Sebastian Moss, "Nvidia suspends all sales to Russia, Joining AMD and Intel," Data Center Dynamics (Mar. 8, 2022) https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/nvidia-suspends-all-sales-to-russia-joining-amd-and-intel/
24 Brad Smith, Microsoft Suspends New Sales in Russia, Microsoft's blog (Mar. 4, 2022) https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2022/03/04/microsoft-suspends-russia-sales-ukraine-conflict/ ; Amazon, Amazon's Cybersecurity Assistance for Ukraine, Amazon's Website (Mar. 9, 2022). https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/community/amazons-cybersecurity-assistance-for-ukraine ; and Rebecca Klar, "Google Cloud to stop accepting new customers in Russia," The Hill (Mar. 10, 2022). https://thehill.com/policy/technology/597739-google-cloud-to-stop-accepting-new-customers-in-russia/
25 Michael Mastanduno, Economic Containment: CoCom and the Politics of East-West Trade (Ithaca and London: Cornell Univ. Press, 1992), p.12.
26 Brett Fortnam, "Former BIS Official: China will Violate Export Controls on Russia. Can the U.S. Catch It?" Inside U.S. Trade (Apr. 7, 2022).
27 US Department of State, Telephonic Press Briefing with Matthew Borman, U.S. Commerce Department Deputy Assistant Secretary for Export Administration (Mar. 29, 2022). https://www.state.gov/telephonic-press-briefing-with-matthew-borman-u-s-commerce-department-deputy-assistant-secretary-for-export-administration/
28 Brett Fortnam, "BIS: Companies in China Choosing U.S. Export Controls over Chinese Laws," Inside U.S. Trade (Apr. 21, 2022).
29 "Chinese Chipmakers See Rising Inquiries from Russia," Global Times (Apr. 12, 2022). https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202204/1259038.shtml
30 Brett Fortnam, "BIS: Companies in China Choosing U.S. Export Controls over Chinese Laws," Inside U.S. Trade (Apr. 21, 2022).
31 "China State Banks Restrict Financing for Russian Commodities," Bloomberg (Feb. 25, 2022) https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-02-25/chinese-state-banks-restrict-financing-for-russian-commodities
32 Tom Mitchell, Demetri Sevastopulo, Sun Yu, and James Kynge, "The Rising Costs of China's Friendship with Russia," The Financial Times (Mar. 10, 2022). https://www.ft.com/content/50aa901a-0b32-438b-aef2-c6a4fc803a11
33 Christian Shepherd, "China not Emerging as Lifeline for Sanction-Slammed Russian Economy," The Washington Post (Mar. 2, 2022).
34 US Department of Commerce, Commerce Announces Addition of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland to Global Export Controls Coalition (Apr. 8, 2022). https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2022/04/commerce-announces-addition-iceland-liechtenstein-norway-and
35 カッコ内は筆者。Keynote Remarks of Assistant Secretary Thea D. Rozman Kendler, American Conference Institute's 12th Annual Advanced Forum on Global Encryption, Cloud, and Cyber Export Controls (Mar. 30, 2022). 
36 U.S.-EU Trade and Technology Council Inaugural Joint Statement (Pittsburgh, Sep. 29, 2021) https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2021/09/us-eu-trade-and-technology-council-inaugural-joint-statement
37 U.S.-EU Trade and Technology Council Inaugural Joint Statement (Pittsburgh, Sep. 29, 2021) https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2021/09/us-eu-trade-and-technology-council-inaugural-joint-statement
38 Keynote Remarks of Assistant Secretary Thea D. Rozman Kendler, American Conference Institute's 12th Annual Advanced Forum on Global Encryption, Cloud, and Cyber Export Controls (Mar. 30, 2022).
39 カッコ内は筆者。Keynote Remarks of Assistant Secretary Thea D. Rozman Kendler, American Conference Institute's 12th Annual Advanced Forum on Global Encryption, Cloud, and Cyber Export Controls (Mar. 30, 2022). 
40 Remarks of Denis Redonnet at the webinar, Sanctions, Russia's War, and the Future of Trade (Peterson Institute for International Economics: April 20,2022) https://www.piie.com/events/sanctions-russias-war-and-future-trade.
41 Speech by Executive Vice-President Dombrovskis at European Parliament Discussion on EU-U.S. Trade & Technology Council (Mar. 22, 2022) https://ec.europa.eu/commission/commissioners/2019-2024/dombrovskis/announcements/speech-executive-vice-president-dombrovskis-european-parliament-discussion-eu-us-trade-technology_en
42 Perspectives on Trade: Conversation ft. H.E. Stavros Lambrinidis, Amb. of European Union to the U.S., Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center (Mar. 9, 2022) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zwbc5HMgt6s
43 Remarks of Denis Redonnet at the webinar, Sanctions, Russia's War, and the Future of Trade (Peterson Institute for International Economics: April 20,2022) https://www.piie.com/events/sanctions-russias-war-and-future-trade.
44 ibid.
45 「日米商務・産業パートナーシップ(Japan-U.S. Commercial and Industrial Partnership、JUCIP)次官級会合を行いました」経済産業省ウェブサイト(2022年4月8日) https://www.meti.go.jp/press/2022/04/20220408007/20220408007.html
46 この時の共同声明では、JUCIP を通じた両国経済の競争力、強靱性、安全保障の強化などが謳われ、デジタル技術や先端技術などの分野におけるイノベーションを推進するとされていた。また、半導体、5G等の重要な産業分野におけるサプライチェーンの強靭化を促進し、重要技術の保護とインフラ開発における協力を強化するとされた。「ジーナ・レモンド商務長官と萩生田光一経済産業大臣との共同声明(仮訳)」(2021年11月15日)https://www.meti.go.jp/press/2021/11/20211115007/20211115007-2.pdf
47 US Department of State, Telephonic Press Briefing with Matthew Borman, U.S. Commerce Department Deputy Assistant Secretary for Export Administration (Mar. 29, 2022). https://www.state.gov/telephonic-press-briefing-with-matthew-borman-u-s-commerce-department-deputy-assistant-secretary-for-export-administration/
48 Taisei Hoyama, "U.S. Expects More to Join Russia Tech Sanctions: Commerce Official," Nikkei Asia (Apr. 3, 2022) https://asia.nikkei.com/Editor-s-Picks/Interview/U.S.-expects-more-to-join-Russia-tech-sanctions-commerce-official
49 Yimou Lee and Ben Blanchard, "Taiwan to Join 'Democratic Countries' in Sanctions on Russia," Reuters (Feb. 25, 2022).
50 "Taiwan's TSMC Says to Comply with Export Control Rules on Russia," Reuters (Feb. 25, 2022).
51 カッコ内は筆者。Keynote Remarks of Assistant Secretary Thea D. Rozman Kendler, American Conference Institute's 12th Annual Advanced Forum on Global Encryption, Cloud, and Cyber Export Controls (Mar. 30, 2022). 
52 Yang Jie and Jiyoung Sohn, "Chip Sanctions Challenge Russia's Tech Ambitions," The Wall Street Journal (Mar. 19, 2022).
53 Choo Yun Ting, "Companies in S'pore still Gauging Impact of Sanctions," The Straits Times (Mar. 15, 2022).
54 Remarks of Denis Redonnet at Sanctions, Russia's War, and the Future of Trade, Peterson Institute for International Economics (Apr. 20, 2022) https://www.piie.com/events/sanctions-russias-war-and-future-trade
55 カッコ内は筆者。Press Trust of India, "US, not Russia, Is and will Be India's Reliable Partner Post Ukrainian war: State Dept Counsellor," Financial Express (Apr. 22, 2022).
56 European Commission, EU-India: Joint press release on launching the Trade and Technology Council (New Delhi: Apr. 25, 2022) https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_2643
57 『経済財政運営と改革の基本方針2021 日本を拓く4つの原動力~グリーン、デジタル、活力ある地方創り、少子化対策~』(2021年6月18日)25頁。
58 U.S. Department of Commerce, Strategic Plan 2022-2026: Innovation, Equity, and Resilience: Strengthening American Competitiveness in the 21st Century (U.S. Department of Commerce, Mar. 2022), p. 18.
59 Brett Fortnam, "Former BIS Official: China will Violate Export Controls on Russia. Can the U.S. Catch It?" Inside U.S. Trade (Apr. 7, 2022).
60 Keynote Remarks of Assistant Secretary Thea D. Rozman Kendler, American Conference Institute's 12th Annual Advanced Forum on Global Encryption, Cloud, and Cyber Export Controls (Mar. 30, 2022).
61 カッコ内は筆者。Speech by Executive Vice-President Dombrovskis at European Parliament Discussion on EU-U.S. Trade & Technology Council (Mar. 22, 2022) https://ec.europa.eu/commission/commissioners/2019-2024/dombrovskis/announcements/speech-executive-vice-president-dombrovskis-european-parliament-discussion-eu-us-trade-technology_en 
62 US Department of Commerce, Readout of Secretary Gina M. Raimondo's Meeting with European Commission Executive Vice President Valdis DombrovskisGina M. Raimondo met with European Commission Executive Vice President Valdis Dombrovskis (Apr. 21, 2011) https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2022/04/readout-secretary-gina-m-raimondos-meeting-european-commission
63 Madeline Halpert, "Trade Minister: South Korea Wants More IPEF Details, Section 232 Talks," Inside U.S. Trade, Jan. 28, 2022.
64 Intel, United States Department of Commerce, Request for Comments on the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework, Document Citation: 87 FR 13971, Docket No. ITA-2022-0001 (no date) https://www.regulations.gov/comment/ITA-2022-0001-0014
65 Semiconductor Industry Association's Response to Request for Comments on the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework by US Department of Commerce on March 11, 2022 (no date) https://www.regulations.gov/comment/ITA-2022-0001-0013 ; SEMI Global Advocacy Office, Re: SEMI Comments on the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework; 87 FR 13971; Docket Number ITA-2021-0001, (Washington, DC: no date) https://www.regulations.gov/comment/ITA-2022-0001-0025 ; and Information Technology &Innovation Foundation, Re: ITIF Submission: Request for Comments on the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (ITA-2022-0001) (Mar. 21, 2022) https://www2.itif.org/2022-indo-pacific-economic-framework.pdf?_ga=2.55168680.2027207340.1649917684-165172020.1649917684